Análisis sectorial y territorial: vulnerabilidad de las empresas turísticas del Perú frente al Fenómeno El Niño

The El Niño phenomenon is a climatic anomaly characterized by an unusual increase in the surface temperature of the equatorial Pacific Ocean, which generates significant alterations in global weather patterns. In the Peruvian context, this phenomenon has an impact on tourism infrastructure, hotel establishments and the availability of tourism products and services, due to the interruption of access to high-demand destinations. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between the level of vulnerability of Peruvian tourism companies and the sectoral and territorial characteristics in the face of the El Niño phenomenon, identifying the main challenges they face. The methodology was quantitative and correlational in scope; a questionnaire was applied to 60 tourism companies located in the north of the country. The results showed a strong and significant negative relationship between the El Niño phenomenon and the vulnerability of tourism companies. This indicates that, as the intensity of the El Niño phenomenon increases, the development of tourism businesses tends to decrease considerably. It is concluded that the El Niño phenomenon generates considerable economic losses and exposes the fragility of tourism in the face of extreme weather events.